基于ECMWF数据的中国近海低空波导特征研究     

成印河  杨欣坤  张玉生  游志伟 《海洋与湖沼》2021,52(1):86-96

基于1988-2017年高分辨率的欧洲中尺度天气预报中心再分析数据,本文对中国近海的低空大气波导进行了统计分析。结果表明:该海域整体大气波导概率为22%,其中悬空波导占60%以上;春季最容易发生大气波导,其次是夏季、秋季和冬季。区域时空分布上,中国近海大气波导特征具有明显的月变化和区域分布特征。大气波导发生概率北部海域(渤海、黄海、东海)发展变化较大,南部海域(南海)变化较小;波导底高南方高,北方低,靠近大陆沿岸和岛屿西侧海域低,远海较高,这与主导波导类型密切相关。波导厚度和强度均呈现出明显的半年期震荡:冬、春季节波导厚度具有‘北低南高’,强度‘北弱南强’分布特征,夏、秋季节具有‘北厚南薄’,强度‘北强南弱’分布特征。该结论可以充实我国大气波导数据库建设,为海上雷达探测、通信等提供环境支撑。  相似文献   

Is the enhancement of type Ⅱ radio bursts during CME interactions related to the associated solar energetic particle event?     

Liu-Guan Ding  Zhi-Wei Wang  Li Feng  Gang Li  Yong Jiang 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(1)

We investigated 64 pairs of interacting-CME events identified from simultaneous observations by the SOHO and STEREO spacecraft from January 2010 to August 2014, to examine the relationship between large SEP events in the energy range of ～25 to～60 MeV and properties of the interacting CMEs.We found that during CME interactions, the large SEP events in this study were all generated by CMEs with the presence of enhanced type Ⅱ radio bursts, which also have wider longitudinal distributions compared to events without a type Ⅱ radio burst or its enhancement(almost always associated with small SEP events).It seems that the signature of type Ⅱ radio burst enhancement is a good discriminator between large SEP and small or no SEP event producers during CME interactions. The type Ⅱ radio burst enhancement is more likely to be generated by CME interactions, with the main CME having a larger speed(v), angular width(WD), mass(m) and kinetic energy(Ek), and taking over the preceding CMEs. The preceding CMEs in these instances have higher v, WD, m and Ekthan those in CME pairs missing type Ⅱ radio bursts or enhancements. Generally, the values of these properties in the type-Ⅱ-enhanced events are typically higher than the corresponding non-type-Ⅱ or non-type-Ⅱ-enhanced cases for both the main and preceding CMEs. Our analysis also revealed that the intensities of associated SEP events correlate negatively with the intersection height of the two CMEs. Moreover, the overlap width of two CMEs is typically larger in type-Ⅱ-enhanced events than in non-type-Ⅱ or non-type-Ⅱ-enhanced events. Most type-Ⅱ-enhanced events and SEP events are coincident and are almost always made by the fast and wide main CMEs that sweep fully over relatively slower and narrower preceding CMEs. We suggest that a fast CME with enough energy completely overtaking a relatively narrower preceding CME, especially at low height, can drive a more energetic shock signified by the enhanced type Ⅱ radio bursts. The shock may accelerate ambient particles(likely provided by the preceding CME) and lead to large SEP events more easily.  相似文献   

黑鲷、真鲷及其杂交子代基因编码区微卫星序列及密码子偏好性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹广勇  张志勇  张志伟  陈淑吟  祝斐  贾超峰  陈自强  曾海峰  汤晓建 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(5):1108-1115

本研究采用生物信息学方法分析比较了黑鲷、真鲷及其两种杂交子代基因编码区(Coding sequence.CDS)中微卫星序列(简单重复序列.SSR)的分布规律及密码子偏好性。结果表明:(1)黑鲷、真鲷及其两种杂交子代微卫星序列均以三碱基重复类型为主,其次为二碱基重复,片段长度大多数在12—20bp之间。(2)黑鲷与反交(黑鲷♀×真鲷♂)在三、五碱基中优势基元类型相同,真鲷与正交(真鲷♀×黑鲷♂)在三碱基中优势基元类型相同,而黑鲷与正交在四碱基中优势基元类型相同。(3) UUC、UAC等28个密码子为黑鲷、真鲷及其两种杂交子代基因编码区的偏好性密码子,偏爱使用以C或G结尾的密码子,且第三位密码子碱基的GC含量(GC3s)均高于基因编码区平均GC含量。(4)真鲷与正交的密码子使用的偏好性相似,一定程度上说明黑鲷、真鲷杂交子代偏母系遗传。分析结果将为研究鲷科鱼类微卫星标记、研究其群体遗传多样性、构建转基因表达系统和开展分子遗传育种提供理论基础。  相似文献   

一种求解地球物理参数各向异性的新方法一单位步长变异增量法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹云梦  李志伟  韦建超  占文俊  朱建军  汪长城 《应用地球物理》2014,11(3):340-349

目前在研究地球物理参数的空间变异特性时常常是基于几何各向异性假设,然而实际中几何各向异性假设常常不成立。本文提出了一种求解地球物理参数各向异性的新方法,首先对各方向上的变异值作归一化处理,然后用拟合的方法得到各方向单位步长上的变异性强度,进而实现对全局各向异性的求解。以上海地区合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）中差分大气延迟样本数据为例,验证了新方法求解各向异性的优越性：新方法的偏差只有6.4%,而基于几何各向异性假设方法的偏差达到了21.2%,而且新方法的运算效率有非常显著的提高。进一步,通过克里金插值交叉验证实验,证明了基于新算法得到的结构函数的插值效果最好,从而从另外一个角度验证了新算法求解的各向异性更准确,更好地表征了区域化变量的空间结构特征。因此,与几何各向异性假设的方法相比,新方法不仅能更准确的描述地球物理参数的各向异性,而且有更高的运算效率,为更准确地估计出所需的地球物理参数奠定了基础。  相似文献   

GPS动态观测数据的周跳探测与修复及其分析     

周建  吕志伟 《测绘工程》2011,20(2):31-34

从探测与修复周跳的观测值线性组合人手,分析非差方式下M-W组合和电离层残差组合对周跳的探测能力,探讨两种组合相结合的优越性.研究分析相结合算法对地面低动态数据和星载GPS高动态数据的适应能力,实验结果表明此算法对GPS双频动态观测数据的周跳探测、修复具有较好的适用性和实用性.  相似文献   

钟差预报AR模型异常值探测的Bayes方法     

李涛  魏萌  陈轲  归庆明  衡广辉 《测绘科学技术学报》2011,28(1):23-27

主要研究了时间序列AR模型的异常值探测问题.首先在一定的限制条件下,将AR模型的异常值探测问题转化为线性回归模型的异常值探测问题;并在正态-Gamma先验条件下,计算了基于均值漂移模型和方差膨胀模型异常值事件发生的后验概率.然后运用Bayes方法对异常值进行了估算.最后通过卫星钟差实测数据计算,比较了模型修正前后预报的...  相似文献   

Modeling Study of the Impact of Heterogeneous Reactions on Dust Surfaces on Aerosol Optical Depth and Direct Radiative Forcing over East Asia in Springtime          下载免费PDF全文

LI Jia-Wei  HAN Zhi-Wei 《大气和海洋科学快报》2011,4(6):309-315

The spatial distributions and interannual variations of aerosol concentrations,aerosol optical depth(AOD) ,aerosol direct radiative forcings,and their responses to heterogeneous reactions on dust surfaces over East Asia in March 2006-10 were investigated by utilizing a regional coupled climate-chemistry/aerosol model. Anthropogenic aerosol concentrations(inorganic+carbonaceous) were higher in March 2006 and 2008,whereas soil dust reached its highest levels in March 2006 and 2010,resulting in stronger aerosol radiative forcings in these periods.The domain and five-year(2006-10) monthly mean concentrations of anthropogenic and dust aerosols,AOD,and radiative forcings at the surface(SURF) and at the top of the atmosphere(TOA) in March were 2.4μg m-3,13.1μg m-3,0.18,-19.0 W m-2,and-7.4 W m-2,respectively.Heterogeneous reactions led to an increase of total inorganic aerosol concentration;however,the ambient inorganic aerosol concentration decreased,resulting in a smaller AOD and weaker aerosol radiative forcings.In March 2006 and 2010,the changes in ambient inorganic aerosols,AOD,and aerosol radiative forcings were more evident.In terms of the domain and five-year averages,the total inorganic aerosol concentrations increased by 13.7%(0.17μg m-3) due to heterogeneous reactions,but the ambient inorganic aerosol concentrations were reduced by 10.5%(0.13μg m-3) .As a result,the changes in AOD,SURF and TOA radiative forcings were estimated to be-3.9%(-0.007) ,-1.7%(0.34 W m-2) ,and-4.3%(0.34 W m-2) ,respectively,in March over East Asia.  相似文献   

Indirect Radiative and Climatic Effects of Sulfate and Organic Carbon Aerosols over East Asia Investigated by RIEMS          下载免费PDF全文

WU Peng-Ping  HAN Zhi-Wei 《大气和海洋科学快报》2011,4(1):7-11

The indirect radiative and climatic effects of sulfate and organic carbon aerosols over East Asia were investigated using a Regional Integrated Environment Model System (RIEMS) with an empirical aerosol-cloud parameterization.The first indirect radiative forcing was negative and ranged from-9-0 W m-2 in the domain.The maximum cooling,up to-9 W m-2,occurred in the Chongqing District in winter,whereas the cooling areas were larger during summer than in winter.Organic carbon (OC) aerosols were more abundant in winter than in summer,whereas the sulfate concentration during summer was much higher than during winter.The concentrations of sulfate and OC were comparable in winter,and sulfate played a dominant role in determining indirect radiative forcing in summer,whereas in winter,both sulfate and OC were important.The regional mean indirect radiative forcings were-0.73 W m-2 and-0.41 W m-2 in summer and winter,respectively.The surface cooling caused by indirect effects was more obvious in winter than that in summer.The ground temperature decreased by ～1.2 K in most areas of eastern China in winter,whereas in summer,the temperature decreased (～-1.5 K) in some regions,such as the Yangtze River region,but increased (～0.9 K) in the areas between the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers.In winter,the precipitation decreased by 0-6 mm in most areas of eastern China,but in summer,alternating bands of increasing (up to 80 mm) and decreasing (～-80 mm) precipitation appeared in eastern China.  相似文献   

Impact of Different East Asian Summer Monsoon Circulations on Aerosol-Induced Climatic Effects          下载免费PDF全文

JU Li-Xia  HAN Zhi-Wei 《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,6(5):227-232

The different spatial distributions of aerosol-induced direct radiative forcing and climatic effects in a weak(2003)and a strong(2006)East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)circulation were simulated using a high-resolution regional climate model(RegCM3).Results showed that the atmospheric circulations of summer monsoon have direct relations with transport of aerosols and their climatic effects.Both the top-of-the-atmosphere(TOA)and the surface-negative radiative forcing of aerosols were stronger in weak EASM circulations.The main difference in aerosol-induced negative forcing in two summers varied between 2 and 14 W m 2from the Sichuan Basin to North China,where a maximum in aerosol-induced negative forcing was also noticed in the EASM-dominated areas.The spatial difference in the simulated aerosol optical depth(AOD)in two summers generally showed the similar pictures.Surface cooling effects induced by aerosols were spatially more uniform in weak EASM circulations and cooler by about 1–4.5 C.A preliminary analysis here indicated that a weaker low-level wind speed not conducive to the transport and diffusion of aerosols could make more contributions to the differences in the two circulations.  相似文献   

我国沿海大竹蛏(Solen grandis)野生群体及增殖放流群体遗传多样性的ISSR 分析     

曹奕  吴洪喜  陈爱华  吴杨平  张雨  王超  张志伟  姚国兴  蔡永祥 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(6):1398-1404

近年来, 大竹蛏野生资源因过度捕捞等原因急剧减少, 主要通过人工增殖放流方式进行补 充。对我国沿海大竹蛏群体进行遗传多样性研究, 评判增殖放流活动对野生群体遗传结构的影响, 能 够了解大竹蛏当前的种质资源状况, 为合理保护该资源提供科学依据。采用ISSR 分子标记技术, 对 广西北海(BH)、江苏启东(QD)、山东日照(RZ)、辽宁营口(YK)、河北秦皇岛(QH)5 个野生大竹蛏群 体及江苏蒋家沙增殖放流群体(JJ)共150 个样品进行了研究。实验结果表明, 我国沿海大竹蛏遗传多 样性水平高, 但各野生群体间已出现显著的遗传分化; 江苏蒋家沙增殖放流群体较启东野生群体遗 传多样性有所下降, 但两群体间的遗传分化并不明显。所以在苗种培育过程中, 应当保证亲本数量及 品质, 扩大亲本选择区域来提高遗传多样性水平, 同时应加大本地原种保护力度来避免种质混杂。  相似文献